WASHINGTON — Infrastructure funding has historically been a broadly bipartisan concern on Capitol Hill, however on Friday evening President Biden’s sweeping infrastructure invoice handed principally alongside get together strains.

Solely 19 members of Congress broke with their events on the invoice, which handed 228 to 206 with Democrats largely supporting the laws and Republicans principally opposed.

So who had been these 19 lawmakers — 13 Republicans and 6 Democrats — who bucked their events? They are often damaged down roughly into three camps: Republicans who consulted with negotiators on the invoice; Republicans who keep the get together’s conventional view that funding infrastructure is extra necessary than preventing a president of a special get together; and members of the liberal group often known as the Squad.

Six Democrats who’re a part of the progressive group often known as “The Squad” — Jamaal Bowman of New York, Cori Bush of Missouri, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York, Ilhan Omar of Minnesota, Ayanna S. Pressley of Massachusetts and Rashida Tlaib of Michigan — voted in opposition to Mr. Biden’s plan to spend $550 billion in new funds over 10 years to shore up roads, bridges and highways, enhance web entry and modernize the nation’s energy grid.

The Squad has grown from 4 to 6 members since 2019, when Ms. Ocasio-Cortez, the highest-profile progressive on Capitol Hill, entered Congress. Its members had been among the many main supporters of the technique to make use of the infrastructure invoice as leverage for passing Mr. Biden’s broader agenda: a $1.85 trillion social security web and local weather change invoice.

Ms. Ocasio-Cortez has argued that the provisions in Mr. Biden’s invoice to fight climate change are wanted to offset the affect on the atmosphere from a surge in funding for development initiatives.

Passing the infrastructure invoice with out the bigger home coverage bundle “makes our emissions & local weather disaster worse,” she wrote on Twitter in October. “It retains us within the emissions pink.”

Her place was shared by the practically 100-member Congressional Progressive Caucus till centrist Democrats who had been holdouts on the broader invoice pledged Friday evening that they might vote for it no later than the week of Nov. 15, except the Congressional Funds Workplace determines its prices are “inconsistent” with the $1.85 trillion estimate put forth by Mr. Biden’s workers.

Whereas most progressives then agreed to vote for the invoice, members of the Squad didn’t view the centrists’ assurances as adequate and selected to stay with their place of demanding each payments move on the similar time. Ms. Bush stated that passing the infrastructure invoice alone “jeopardized our leverage” on the broader invoice — which includes monthly payments to families with children, common prekindergarten, well being care subsidies and a four-week paid family and medical leave program — and endangered progressives’ capability to “enhance the livelihood of our well being care employees, our youngsters, our caregivers, our seniors, and the way forward for our surroundings.”

Nonetheless, Ms. Pressley forged her vote in opposition to the infrastructure invoice after it had sufficient votes to move.

That place infuriated some average Democrats. One in all them, Consultant Tom Suozzi of New York, equated the opposition of left-leaning fellow New Yorkers like Ms. Ocasio-Cortez and Mr. Bowman with far-right Republicans like Lee Zeldin of New York for voting in opposition to a invoice that will funnel billions of {dollars} into the state for subways, sewers and broadband.

“That doesn’t make any sense,” Mr. Suozzi, who’s considering a run for governor, advised reporters at a New York political conclave in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on Saturday. “These are two sides of the identical coin: Individuals up to now out on the perimeter as an alternative of attempting to get stuff accomplished to assist individuals and make individuals’s lives higher. That’s what individuals are sick and uninterested in.”

Eight Republicans who voted in favor of the infrastructure invoice — Don Bacon of Nebraska, Brian Fitzpatrick of Pennsylvania, Andrew Garbarino of New York, Anthony Gonzalez of Ohio, John Katko of New York, Tom Reed of New York, Christopher H. Smith of New Jersey and Fred Upton of Michigan — had been a part of a bipartisan group of lawmakers who helped negotiate the infrastructure bill this summer, consulting with centrists in the Senate.

The group often known as the Drawback Solvers Caucus, together with Mr. Fitzpatrick, the Republican co-chairman, had as soon as hoped to ship as many as 29 Republican Home votes for the invoice, however noticed members fall away once Representative Kevin McCarthy, the House minority leader, and other top Republicans opposed it as they ramped up their campaign against Mr. Biden’s agenda.

Nonetheless, with enhancements to highways, bridges, dams, public transit, rail, ports, airports, water high quality and broadband coming to the districts, eight members of the group forged their votes in favor of the plan.

Mr. Garbarino, who represents a part of Lengthy Island, cited the advantages for New York — together with $24.9 billion for highways, bridges and transit; $15 billion to switch lead service strains for ingesting water; and $470 million for New York’s Kennedy, La Guardia, MacArthur and Republic airports — amongst his causes for embracing the invoice.

The vote “was about roads, bridges, and clear water,” he stated. “It was about actual individuals, and the tangible motion Congress may take to higher their lives by rebuilding and revitalizing our nation’s crumbling infrastructure.”

The Republicans who voted in favor of the invoice confronted backlash from some hard-right members of their get together. Consultant Marjorie Taylor Greene of Georgia posted their workplace cellphone numbers on Twitter and accused them of handing over their “voting playing cards to Nancy Pelosi to move Joe Biden’s communist takeover of America.”

A remaining group of 5 Home Republicans joined members of the Drawback Solvers Caucus in bucking their get together to help the invoice. This group — Adam Kinzinger of Illinois, Don Younger of Alaska, Nicole Malliotakis of New York, David B. McKinley of West Virginia and Jeff Van Drew of New Jersey — will be roughly outlined as embracing the get together’s traditionalist view of funding infrastructure.

Mr. Younger, 88, is the Republican Social gathering’s longest-serving member, having represented Alaska for 25 phrases. He endorsed the invoice in September, arguing the get together has at all times supported funding roads and bridges and emphasizing that previous infrastructure votes had been “darn close to” unanimous.

“We’d like infrastructure on this nation now,” Mr. Younger said. “That is the final alternative we’ve got to verify these potholes are crammed, these airports run proper, that bridges are secure and our economic system can proceed to develop.”

Others, a lot newer to Congress, stated they shared Mr. Younger’s view on the problem.

Ms. Malliotakis, who’s in her first time period representing Staten Island, launched a press release explaining her vote that listed varied initiatives the funding may help in her group, together with “finishing the Excessive-Occupancy Automobiles lane on the Staten Island Expressway,” fortifying coastal neighborhoods and increasing “our sewer methods to take care of the following Superstorm Sandy or Hurricane Ida.”

“Merely put, it’s one of these funding that won’t solely save metropolis residents’ money and time, but additionally their properties and lives,” she stated.

Emily Cochrane, Catie Edmondson and Nicholas Fandos contributed reporting.